During the 1920s and 1930s much of the attention of criminologists focused on the 'criminogenic city,' however, by the close of the century researchers had moved away from the notion that the city is itself criminogenic. We’ve found there are benefits to virtual work, wearing masks and improved ventilation, and ‘pandemic epiphanies’ have led to fundamental reassessments of our place in the working world.”īezrukova collaborated on the study with Chester Spell, professor of management at the Rutgers University School of Business.Early twentieth century criminology might reasonably be considered the criminology of urban places. “As we inch toward the other side of this pandemic, we have an opportunity to rethink our broken relationship to work,” she says. “In many ways, the pandemic was an inflection point, and what happens next is up to us. “Leaders should leverage their personal strengths to bring about change, such as how Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has used his broadcasting and performing experience in video appeals for external aid and support in defense against the Russian invasion,” says Bezrukova. The researchers say the outcomes of these crises show how leaders can effect change, and provide hints to what might lie ahead as we emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic. As deaths from the pandemic swept across large areas of Europe, the labor pool shrank drastically, leading to the end of the feudal system and better wages for workers.

Black Death (1346) – Even events with as much mass suffering as the bubonic plague pandemic can have a silver lining for survivors, according to historians.His discovery that the disease was transmitted through water led to better policymaking and, along with knowledge gained in other epidemics, better development of sanitation systems. Cholera Epidemic (1850) – Physician John Snow challenged the popular theory that cholera was spread through airborne “vapors” (the foul smells from poor sanitation).Leaders rationalized that schools were cleaner, more spacious and more likely to be regularly inspected than the tiny homes many children lived in at the time. But in New York City, schools stayed open, and the city’s health commissioner attributed New York’s relative success with the pandemic to that decision. There were many parallels between 1918 and the COVID-19 pandemic, and school closing was controversial then, too. Flu Pandemic (1918) – According to most historical accounts, it took several years for businesses and society to reach any type of normalcy, and the descendant of that virus still circulates today.Many of them continued on in school and to higher education, which led this group to an 80% increase in lifetime earnings. Eldfell Volcano Eruption (1973) – About 5,000 people on the small Icelandic island of Heimaey were forced to evacuate after a previously unknown fissure in the earth erupted, leading some young people to move to bigger towns and seek new opportunities.London Subway Strike (2014) – This two-day disruption for travelers in England resulted in commuters finding more efficient ways to get to work that persist to this day.“By understanding previous crises, managers and organizations can adapt when faced with similar catastrophes.”įrom the nine past crises they studied, here are a few examples of the unexpected - and sometimes beneficial - outcomes: “Crises can result in permanent changes in our social and work lives, in ways we never could have realized before the crisis,” says Kate Bezrukova, PhD, associate professor of organization and human resources in the UB School of Management. By analyzing how leaders have reacted to past crises, a new University at Buffalo School of Management study reveals what the workplace of the future might look like.Īvailable online ahead of publication in the Journal of Management History, the research suggests that several changes will come to the workplace in the wake of COVID-19, including an accelerated adoption of virtual technologies, altered health behaviors and an increased emphasis on autonomy between employees and their managers.

Urban crime ios